01 - Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Lightly grease a 9-inch pie pan and set aside.
02 - In a medium mixing bowl, combine graham cracker crumbs, sugar, and melted butter until the mixture resembles wet sand. Press the crumb mixture firmly and evenly into the bottom and up the sides of the prepared pie pan.
03 - Bake the crust for 8 minutes until lightly golden and set. Remove from the oven and let cool while preparing the filling.
04 - In a medium saucepan, whisk together granulated sugar, cornstarch, salt, and lemon zest until evenly combined. Gradually whisk in the freshly squeezed lemon juice, egg yolks, and water, stirring until smooth and no lumps remain.
05 - Place the saucepan over medium heat and whisk constantly for 6 to 8 minutes until the mixture thickens significantly and comes to a gentle boil. Remove from heat immediately and whisk in the butter until fully melted and incorporated.
06 - Pour the hot lemon filling directly into the baked crust, spreading it into an even layer with a spatula.
07 - In a spotlessly clean mixing bowl, beat the egg whites and cream of tartar with an electric mixer on medium speed until soft peaks form. With the mixer running, gradually add the sugar one tablespoon at a time. Increase speed to high and continue beating until stiff, glossy peaks hold their shape.
08 - Spoon the meringue over the hot filling, spreading it to seal completely against the crust edges to prevent shrinking. Create decorative swirls or peaks with the back of a spoon. Bake for 12 to 15 minutes until the meringue is golden brown on the peaks.
09 - Allow the pie to cool completely at room temperature, then refrigerate for at least 2 hours to set the filling before slicing and serving.